Furnace



R..SCATES.'

FURNACE. No. 376,785. Patented Jan. 24, 188 8.

(No Model.) 4SheetsS1 1eet 1.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets.Shet 2.

G. R. SOATES.

FURNACE.

110.376.7851 Patented Jan. 24, 1888 Rifle N, Pfi'm Phmolibwlnphnf. Wilhingkon, D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shet a.

G.R.'SCATESJ FURNAUEJ No. 376,785. Patented-Jan. 24; 1888.

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I G. R. SOATES.

FURNACE. No. 376,785. Patented Jan. 24, 1888.

UNITED STATES GEORGE, RANDOLPH SOATES,

' PATENT Fries.

on KNOXVILLE, 'rnnnnssnn,

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 376,785, dated January 24,1888.

t Application filed August 6,1886. Serial No. 21l),223. (No model.) i

The object of my invention is to provide an improved furnace,which is especially adapted for domestic purposes, and which shall pos sess superior advantages in points of the large area or space of heating and radiating surface as compared with the grate-surface,and in the simplicity, durability, and strength of construction, the ease and facility with which it can be operated and regulated and adjusted,

and in the cost of manufacture.

A further object of my invention is to'provide improved means for obtaining a larger area of heating-surface within a very small space and without requiring additional gratesurface; to provide an improved furnace or lire-box proper of peculiar form, which shall have a small grate-surface and a large area of heating-surface immediately around the same, a and so arranged that the coal and fuel that are has deposited therein are, discharged at the middle ofthe grateto thoroughly and rapidly consame the same; to provide steam attachments, which are compactly disposed within the inclosing-walls of the furnace in order to utilize the waste heat that is generated by the escaping products of combustion, so that hot water can be suppliedto the building or dwellingin which the apparatus is located, and to provide improved reservoirs in which an absorbent material or substance is placed to retain the heat when the furnace is in use,and which will radiate or discharge its heat when the furnace is not in use-as,forinstance,at the nighttime, when the firein the fire-box is extinguished--so that the temperature in the furnace is kept up for a number of hours after the fires are extinguished.

, In the accompanying drawings, which illus trate a furnace especially adapted for domestic lis a front elevation, taken from the outside of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a'vertical longitudinal sectional view, taken on a line to one thereof being removed, and the side, top, and bottom walls being shown in section. a is a horizontal sectional view, taken on aline above the grate-surface. view of the fire-box and the .vertical and horizontal radiators or smoke-consumersythe. firebox being shown in section. Fig.6 is a detached view of the vertical andhorizontal radiators. I i

' Referring to the drawings, in which like letters of reference denote correspondingparts in all the figures,.A designates the inclosingimprovements, which consist of a front wall, a, a rear or backwall, a, the side walls, a,

scribed more fully in this specification.

B designates the fire-box or furnace proper, which isinclosed within the walls A, and armanner hereinafter described; and it consists parallel upper sides, I), the incli ned converging lowersides, b, which incline inwardly'todrawings, and acurved' rear wall, b '1he vided with a series of strengthening-ribs, and

Fig. 2 of the drawings, one of the openings box,the next the admission of air thereto above the grate, and the lower one for the admission of air beneath the grate and the removal of the vided into two compartments by means of a of the converging sides I) of theshell! or casing, so that an upper combustion-chamber, G,

and an ash-pit, 0 are formed aboveand beuses embodying my present invention, Figure:

Fig. 4

connecting the front and back walls, a bottom, a and a top wall or roof, a, all of which are built of brick or masonry, in theusual wellknown manner, and therefore need not'be de ofconcavo-convex hood or crown-sheet b,- the front wall or casting, b, ofthe fire-box is ro-,

with three openings, as shown very clearly in permitting theintroductionof fuel into the firecontents of the ash-pit. This fire-box is diside of the vertically-disposed radiators or P smoke-consumers. Fig. 3is an elevation taken from the front of the furnace, the front wall Fig. 5 is-a detached walls of the furnace embodying my present ranged at or near the front wall, a, thereof. This fire-box is formed of metal and protected at its sides and back with fire-brick, in the ward each other, as shown in Fig. 5 of the 1 IOO grate, O, which is arranged at the lower ends neath the grate, respectively, as clearly shown in the drawings. This grate O is of any improved pattern or form, and it is supported on a central shaft, 0, which is journaled at its ends in bearingplates D, that are rigidly aflixed or secured in place. on the sides of the fire-box, one end of this shaft being extended beyond the bearing-plates, and provided with a suitable crank, c, which is arranged at right angles with the shaft, and to the free end of which is connected a rod which extends through a suitable opening in the front wall of the masonry A, so that it can be conveniently grasped by the operator or attendant in order to shake or dump the grate, as is ob vious. V

The bearing-plates D for the shaft of the grate O are provided at their upper side edges with inclined flanges d, against which rest the lower edges of the inclined sides b of the firebox, and-the fire-brick b which line the sides of the fire-box at the lower sides thereof, are also supported by the said inclined flanges of the bearing-plates.

The firebrick b are arranged within the parallel and converging walls of the fire-box, and theyare protected at their upper ends by means of angular plates D, which are arranged longitudinally of the fire-box, and suitably secured to the walls of the same in any preferred manner, while the lower ends of the firebrick rest on and are supported by the angle-plates in which the shaft of the grate is journaled. I attach importance to the peculiar arrangement of the fire-brick within the combustion-chamber, as they are thereby prevented from falling down upon the fire when one or more of the sameare broken or dislocated.

It will be observed, by reference to Fig. 4-0 the drawings, that the area of grate-surface is very small as compared with the area of the combustion-chamber, the sides of which are diverged and expanded to present a larger area of heating-surface, which is very desirable, as the same grate-surface will effectually heat the larger area of the fire-box. By means of the parallel and converging side walls of the fire-box the coal or fuel that is fed thereto is discharged upon the grate at the middle thereof, and by this arrangement the coal or fuel is at all times discharged at the proper place, where it will be entirely consumed.

The combustion-chamber of the fire-box has an opening, 6, through which the fuel is introduced or fed, and which is closed by a door, 0, and the ash-pit C has a like opening, e", that is closed by a door, e through which the ashes are removed, as is usual in this class of devices. The front of the fire-box is protected by fire-brick b which is built or placed in the chambers or spaces F at the front formed by the hollow castingsf, and through this firebrick is formed the opening for the introduction of fuel to the grate, the lower side of the opening, being protected by a shield, f, as shown in Fig. 8.

G designates a shield, which is arranged in rear of the fire-brick and between the latter and the front of the apparatus to protect the metallic parts at the front from the excessive heat at the bottom of the combustion-chamber, an air-space being left between the shield and the front of the furnace. An air-passage leads from the front of the apparatus to thecombustion-chamber to supply air thereto above the grate for the better support of combustion, said passage being lettered g and arranged beneath the shield G and the air-space provided thereby, and having its outer end closed by a door or register, 9, of any approved pattern.

The back. concavo convex wall of the firebox is also protected by fire-brick b, which is supported on the flange h, and placed in the space or chamber h formed by the casting H, which is arranged transversely of the fire-box and suitably held or supported in place. The fire-brick is protected at its upper end with the horizontal and depending flanges i of a .shield, I, that is arranged at the upper part of the furnace and immediately in front of the upper part of the concavo'convex wall of the furnace transversely across the latter. The upper part of the rear wall of the furnace is thus protected from the intense heat which is generated at that point by the fire, and this shield is arranged a short distance in front of and out of contact with the said rear wall, so as to leave an intermediate air-space.

J designates the vertical radiators, two of which are provided, which are arranged a short distance apart from each other and in rear of the fire-box, as clearly shown. radiators are preferably made in the form of hollow cylindrical vessels, and they are connected at their upper ends with the fire-box, so as to receive the smoke and other products of combustion therefrom, by means of short tubes or pipes 9', one of these pipes being providedfor each of the radiators,and which open into and through the rear wall of the fire-box in rear-of the shield I therein. These radia- Thesetors are connected together at their lower ends by means of a short cross-pipe, J, which opens at its opposite ends into the lower portions of the radiators, and from the middle of this con necting-pipe extends an escape pipe or fine,

J", for the smoke and other products of comother and at a short distance apart.

ranged within the fire-box on opposite sides which the supply of air nozzles being each provided with adamper or register, by means of which the quantity of air that enters the radiators can be regulated and controlled, or the air-supply can be cut off entirely.

K designates the horizontal radiators, which are arranged immediately above the fire-box and exteriorly thereto. Two of these horizontal radiators are provided, one for each of the vertical radiators, and these horizontal radiators are arranged parallel with each diators extend longitudinally of the furnace and/above the firebox ,therein, so thattheir outer surfaces are exposed to the heat radiated from the upper wall or roof of the tire box, and the front ends of. each of the horizontal radiators "are connected together by means of a transverse pipe,.K, which opens at its ends into. the said horizontal radiators, and this transverse pipe K is connected with the combustion-chamber of the fire-box, so as to conduct the smoke and other products of combustion therefrom into the horizontal radiators by means ofashort pipe, k, which opens into the fire-box at its upper front end, through the roof thereof, and'into the pipe K at or near the middle of the same, wherebya portion of the escaping smoke from the tirebox is conducted through the pipes K is into the radiators K, and from thence to the vertical radiators, as presently described;

The rear end of each horizontal radiator is arranged immediately above'the upper end of one of the vertical radiators, and the horizontal radiators are connected at their rear ends with the upper endsof the vertical radiators by means'of short pipes or tubes k,-which open into the said horizontal and vertical radiators to permit the smoke and other products of combustion to escape from one into the other of the said radiators. A damper, k is arranged in the short pipe k, intermediate of the fire-box and the pipe K, and it is carried by a rotary shaft, 10 which is journaled in the said pipe and extends through the front wall, a, of the furnace, so that the operator or attendant can cut off the escape of the smoke from the fire-box into the horizontal radiators, or leave the communication between the firebox and the said radiators open, as may be preferred. Each of the horizontal radiators has an air-inlet port or opening, L, which opens into the front end of the same and through the front wall of the furnace, so that atmospheric air or oxygen is supplied to the radiators to consume the carbon or soot in the smoke and other products of combustion, and these airports have cut-off valves or registers Z, by can be regulated or cut off as desired.

M designates the steam coils, which are arthereof, and these coils are each'provided with a circulating-pipe, m, which extends rearward ly through the short pipesj.

Each of the steam-coils has the pipe m-ex- The ra-' tending rearwardly intothe vertical radiators J, as shown very clearly in'Figs. 3 and 4, and these pipes are then extended or turned downwardly through the radiators, the lower-ends of the pipes being finally bent at right angles to the vertical portions thereof, and passing into the short horizontal pipes j, connecting the said vertical radiators, these lower horizontal portions of the. circulatingpipes meeting and communicating with each other so that the water can flow or circulate through the pipes. in the coils is free to circulate from one coil to Itwill thus be seen that the water the other throughthe medium of the circulat ing-pipes m and m, and as the former pipes take a tortuous course through the verticalradiators, and the pipe it extends across the fire-box, the water fromthe coils circulating through the pipes m and m is heated on its passage from one coil to the other.

The horizontal circulatingpipes m of the' coils M are connected to a larger pipe or auxiliary steam-reservoir, N, which is arranged above the water circulating pipes, and into which the steam is free to escape by means of j vated position in the upper part of the furloo" nace and in close proximity to the roof thereof in any suitable manner, by means of steam; pipes N, which open'into the main and the auxiliary steam-reservoirs'as is usual.

IIO

WV-ater is supplied to the water-circulating coils, so as to have afullsupply on hand therein at all times through a supply-pipe, O, which opens into the transverse pipe m and leads to, the outside of the front wall of the furnace. The water is supplied. tothe circulating-coils under pressure by means of an injector, P, which is of any approved pattern, and this'i'njector' is operated by means of steam that is supplied thereto from the main steam-drum through anintermediate pipe, 1), which "opens into the upper part of the injector and has a regulating globe-valve,p', which is designed to be operated by hand'to' supply and cut off the steam from theinjector when necessary.

A pipe, P, enters the lower part of the 'in jector to supply or convey the water theretothat is'to be injected or forced into the circulating-pipes, and this'water-s'upply pipe to the injector is also provided with a regulating or globe. valve, 1), by means of which the supply. of water to the injector P can" be regulated or cut off, as may be desired. The supply-pipe 0, intermediate of the injector and the circuusual.

latiug coils, is provided with a regulatingvalve, which is to be opened when the water is to be forced into the circulatingcoils, and this pipe 0 is further provided with a checkvalve, 0, which prevents the escape or backing of the water from the pipe 0 and the circulating-coils when the injector ceases to work.

Q designates a water-gage,which is arranged exterior to the furnace, so as to be readily observed by the attendant or operator, and this gage is in communication with the circulatingcoils by a suitable pipe, q, and with the auxiliary steam-drum, or the pipes intermediate of the main and auxiliary steam-drums by a pipe, q. The water-pipe q to the watergage enters the latter at its lower end, and the steam-pipe q enters the gage near its upper end and above the water line therein, so as to indicate the steam pressure in the steamdrums by a steam-gage, Q, which is mounted on the water-gage and in communication therewith by an intermediate pipe, 1", as will be very readily understood. The main steamdrum is provided with a safety-valve, S, of

any approved pattern, which is arranged exterior to the furnace and connected with the steam-drum by an intermediate pipe, 8, as is The pipe 0, intermediate of the circulatingcoils and the injector, is provided in rear of the regulating and check valves with a blow-off cock, 0, by which the contents of the circulating-coils can be readily discharged.

T designates the bake-ovens, which are arranged above the horizontal radiators and beneath the main steam-drum 1' so as to utilize the waste heat that escapes from the fire-box and the-radiators to heat the oven and bake the contents thereof. These ovens are supported in the furnace in any suitable manner, and they can be varied in number and size as 4 may be desired; but the ovens can be omitted,

if deemed necessary, as they are only supplied with the furnace when specially ordered by restaurants, hotels, &c.

U designates the cold-air flue, which is arranged beneath and exterior to the furnace, and thisfine supplies air to the fire-box to support the combustion therein by means of short vertical branch pipes a, which pass through the floor of the furnace and enter the ash-pit beneath the grate of'the fire'box, as shown.

V designates hot-air flues, which enter the furnace through the upper wall or roof thereof, and which lead to any part of the house or dwelling in which the apparatus is located,

by means of which the dwelling is supplied with hot air when desired.

W designates the heat-retai ning receptacles,

which preferably comprise open vessels which are arranged within the furnace, on opposite sides thereof. These vessels are supported on the inside of the side and rear walls of the furnace by means of suitable brackets or braceirons, w, which are affixed to the walls of the furnace and the vessels. These receptacles are arranged longitudinally of the furnace,in close proximity to the fire-box thereof, and at their upper ends they are left open for the introduction of a heat retaining and absorbing substance-as, for instance, sand. Any desired number of these heat-absorbing reservoirs may be employed, and the arrangement thereof can be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention. In the practical operation ofa furnace tested by me some time ago, I employed two of these heat-reservoirs, which are arranged longitudinally of the furnace and in close proximity to the fire-box therein, and which are filled with sand. I have found that the reservoirs retained sufficient heat to maintain the temperature of the furnace to quite a high degree after the fire in the fire-box-had been extinguished and for a number of hours, varying from twenty-four to forty-eight. By means of these heat-reservoirs the furnace and the radiators therein are kept at a uniform temperature when the fire has been extinguished overnight, and steaincan be more quickly generated when the fire is kindled, and a constant supply of hot water is kept on hand for immediate use, which is especially desirable in hotels and restaurants for the accommodation of guests, &c.

X designates evaporating-pans, which are supported near the rear wall of the furnace on suitable brackets and in proximity to the firebox, (see Fig. 4,) to utilize the heat radiated therefrom to convert the water or other liquid contained therein into steam.

The operation of my invention will be read il y understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings.

Various slight changes in the form and proportion of parts of the apparatus, herein shown and described as an embodiment of my invention, can be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is'

1. In a furnace, a fire-box comprising the curved hood, the parallel upper side walls, the converging lower side walls, the fixed angleplates at the upper sides of the parallel walls and lower terminals of the converging side walls, between which the fire-brick is arranged and held, the curved rear wall having the flange h at {its lower edge, and the protector plate or shield arranged infront of the upper portion of the rearwall having the depending flange i to hold the rear fire-brick in place, as and for the purpose described.

2. In a furnace, a fire-box having the rear wall thereof provided with an inwardly-exside and upper edges of the shield being out of contact with the rear wall to permit the products of combustion from the fire box to pass around the shield to the outlet-openings,

as and for the purpose described.

I 3. In a furnace, the combination of the firebox having the shield arranged in front of the outlet openings, the vertical radiators arranged in rear of the fire-box and communicating with each other at their lower ends by a connecting-pipe, J, the independent pipeconnections j, intermediate the upper portions.

of the vertical radiators and the fire-box, and

a single escape-pipe communicating with the pipe j, connecting the 'radiators, as and for the purpose described.

4. In a furnace, the combination, with the V fire-box, of the vertical and horizontal radiathe horizontal radiators K, arranged above the fire-box and communicating at their rear ends with the vertical radiators, a transverse pipe connecting the horizontal radiators near their front ends and having a vertical pipe entering the fire-box, and a smoke-flue connected with the lower ends of the vertical radiators, substantially as described.

6. In a furnace, the combinationofa firebox, the independent circulating-coils therein connected by a transverse pipe, an auxiliary steam-reservoir connected with the circulatingcoils, an elevated main'reservoir connected with the auxiliary reservoir, and an injector connected with the circulating-coils for forcing water therein under pressure,substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

7. In a furnace, the combination, with a fire box, of the circulating coils arranged therein, the vertical connected radiators in communication with the fire-box and having a pipe or pipes from the circulating coils extending through them, a transverse pipe connecting the independentcoils within the firebox, the auxiliary steam-reservoir in communication with the transverse pipe, the main reservoir connected with the auxiliary reservoir, an injector, a pipe, 0, intermediateof the injector and the circulating-coils, and-provided with the regulating and check valves,

and the steam and water supply pipes tov the injector having the regulator-valves, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

8. In a furnace, the combination, with a fire-box, of the vertical radiators, the horizontal radiators arranged above the fire-box and in communication with the fire-box and the ranged above the horizontal radiators, and the v ovens intermediate of the steam-reservoirand the horizontal radiators, substantially asdescribed, for the purpose set forth.

9. In a furnace, the combination of a firebox, the horizontal radiators arranged above zontal radiators and having a central pipeconnection with'the fire-box toJconducta portion of the heat and products of combustion from'the'fir'e-box to, the horizontal radiators, a valve or damper located in the said central pipe for cutting off communication. between the horizontal radiators and fire-box, the vertical radiators arranged in rear of the fire-box the fire-bo'xon the outsideof the shell thereof, v

a pipe connectingthe front ends of th'ehoriand communicating therewith, the pipe J,

connecting thevertical radiators,andasmokeflue communicating with the said pipe,as and for the purpose described.

10. In a furnace, the combination of afirebox, the horizontal radiators arranged above the fire-box, and each having an air-flue extending through the wall of the furnace above the fire-box and opening into the front end of for regulatingth'e air supply to the radiators,

the radiators, said flues having the registers a horizontalpipe connecting the front endsof the radiators in rear of points where the airflues enter the same, a central valve-pipe" in termediate the horizontal connecting-pipe and the fire-box, the-vertical radiators inc'ommunication at all times with the fire-box and the horizontal radiators by independent pipe-connections, the pipev J, connecting the vertical radiators, and a smoke-pipe communicating with the said pipe, as and for the purpose described. V Y

11. In a furnace, the combination of a firebox, the horizontal radiators arranged above and exterior to the fire-box, a horizontal pipe connecting the front ends of the radiators and having a central valved pipe-connectionwith the fire-box, the vertical radiators arranged in rear of the fire-box and having the separate air-inlet nozzles j at their lowerends, a horizontal pipe, J, connecting the lower ends of the vertical radiatorsand arranged substantially in the same horizontal plane with the air-inlet nozzles thereto, a smoke-flue "connectingwith the horizontal connecting-pipeof the: vertical radiators,and the independent pipe-connections intermediate thev fire-box" and the vertical and horizontal radiators, to

thereby establish communication between said parts at all times, asand for the purpose described.

12. In a-furnace, the combination of a'fir'e box, the independent water-circulating coils therein connected byan intermediate pipe, at",

horizontal pipe connecting the lowerends of the vertical radiators,'a smoke-flue connect- 6 vertical radiators, the steam-reservoinaring with said horizontal pipe, and thebircu r3o US the vertical radiators arranged in rear of the lating-pipe m, communicating with the water In testimony that Iclaim the foregoing as my circulating coils in the fire-box and extending own I have hereto affixed my signature in presthrough the vertical radiators and the interence of two witneses.

mediateandhorizontalconnecting-pipes there- GEORGE RANDQLPH. SOATES. 5 of, to establish thereby a constant circulation I Witnesses:

of water through the fire-box and radiators, I J. E. PRICE,

as and for the purpose described. J 0s. R. MITCHELL. 

